Tartar Removal

How does tartar form?

It all starts with plaque – a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that constantly forms on teeth. If not regularly and thoroughly removed, minerals from saliva (mainly calcium and phosphorus) begin to deposit in it. This process is called mineralization. The plaque gradually hardens, becoming porous and turning into yellowish, brown, or even black tartar.

Plaque most commonly forms:

• On the inner surfaces of lower front teeth
• On the outer surfaces of upper molars
• In hard-to-reach interdental spaces
• Below the gum line (so-called subgingival tartar)

Causes of tartar buildup

• Poor oral hygiene: The most common cause is insufficient cleaning of teeth and interdental spaces.
• Saliva composition: Some people have saliva with a higher mineral content, making them more prone to tartar buildup.
• Diet: Sugary and acidic foods promote bacterial growth that creates plaque.
• Smoking: Increases the risk of tartar formation and tooth discoloration.
• Braces and orthodontic appliances: Can make cleaning difficult and promote plaque accumulation.
• Age: The risk of tartar increases with age.

Risks associated with tartar

The presence of tartar should not be underestimated. Its porous surface is an ideal environment for bacteria that produce toxins and acids, leading to several health complications:

Gingivitis (gum inflammation): 
Bacteria irritate the gums, causing redness, swelling, and bleeding.

Periodontitis: 
Untreated gingivitis can develop into periodontitis – a serious disease affecting the tooth-supporting structures (bone, ligaments). It may cause bone loss, tooth mobility, and eventually tooth loss. Subgingival tartar is particularly dangerous, as it forms below the gum line and is difficult to detect and remove without professional help.

Bad breath (halitosis): 
Bacteria in tartar release gases that cause unpleasant odor.

Tooth decay: 
Tartar creates ideal conditions for cavity-causing bacteria.

Aesthetic problems: 
Discolored tartar on front teeth or between teeth spoils the appearance of a smile.

Complications with systemic diseases: 
Oral inflammation can affect overall health, e.g., in diabetes or heart disease.

Regular professional dental hygiene helps prevent these problems.

Professional tartar removal: Step by step

The only safe and effective way to remove tartar is professional dental cleaning. At Clinic for Smile, we focus on modern and gentle techniques to make the procedure as comfortable as possible with excellent results.

We use the latest ultrasonic technology, which allows for fast, precise, and gentle cleaning without unnecessary discomfort. This makes tartar removal highly effective and comfortable for most patients.

Methods of tartar removal

Ultrasonic scaling:
The most common method. A special ultrasonic device produces high-frequency vibrations that gently break down tartar and detach it from the tooth surface. At the same time, a water spray washes away the debris and cools the treated area. Very effective and usually painless.

Hand instruments (curettes):
Used for deeper cleaning, especially with subgingival tartar or deep periodontal pockets. Allows precise removal in hard-to-reach areas.

Air polishing (Air-Flow):
Used to remove discolorations and fine plaque. A stream of water, air, and special powder (e.g., sodium bicarbonate or glycine) gently cleans tooth surfaces, including interdental spaces and molars. Not intended for hard tartar but an excellent complement after scaling.

Tooth polishing:
After cleaning, teeth are polished with a special paste and rotary brush or polishing cup. The smooth surface makes it harder for plaque and tartar to accumulate again.

Course of dental hygiene and tartar removal

A visit to the dental hygienist at Clinic for Smile is a comprehensive process that usually includes:

• Initial examination and diagnosis: Assessing the condition of teeth and gums, identifying tartar.
• Tartar removal: Using ultrasonic devices and/or hand instruments.
• Air polishing (Air-Flow): To remove stains and soft deposits.
• Tooth polishing: For smooth tooth surfaces.
• Oral hygiene instructions: The hygienist will show you proper brushing techniques, how to use interdental brushes, floss, and other tools, and explain how to prevent tartar buildup effectively.
• Fluoride treatment: Application of fluoride gel or varnish to strengthen enamel and reduce sensitivity after tartar removal.

Tartar prevention: How to avoid it effectively?

The best tartar is the one that never forms. The key is consistent, proper home care combined with regular dental hygiene visits.

Correct brushing technique
Brush your teeth twice daily with a soft toothbrush. Pay attention to each tooth, including hard-to-reach areas. Our specialists at Clinic for Smile will be happy to show you the correct technique.

Don’t forget the interdental spaces
Up to 40% of tooth surfaces are interdental – areas a normal toothbrush cannot reach. Use interdental brushes or floss daily. This is absolutely crucial in tartar prevention.

Regular professional dental hygiene is essential
Even with excellent home care, some areas may remain uncleaned. Therefore, professional dental cleaning should be done at least twice a year. Our hygienists remove plaque and early tartar before they cause damage.

Other important factors:

• Healthy diet: Limit sweets and acidic drinks.
• Adequate hydration: Helps wash away food particles and bacteria.
• Don’t smoke: Smoking has a devastating effect on oral health.
• Tartar on dentures: Even prosthetics can accumulate tartar, so regular cleaning is necessary.

Tartar removal in children and pregnant women

Tartar can also form in children, especially those with braces or poor oral hygiene. Regular professional cleaning is recommended here as well.

For pregnant women, oral care is especially important, as hormonal changes increase the risk of gum inflammation. Professional tartar removal is safe during pregnancy.

Tartar removal at home: Myths and facts

The internet is full of “guaranteed” tips for removing tartar at home. The truth is: tartar cannot be effectively and safely removed at home. It is too hard to be brushed away or treated with home remedies. Attempting DIY removal may damage enamel, gums, and worsen oral health. Always trust professionals for tartar cleaning.

Naturally beautiful and healthy smile

Tartar removal is not only about aesthetics but also an important preventive step against serious gum disease and tooth loss. Regular oral care combined with professional dental hygiene will save you pain, discomfort, and the costs of complex dental treatments.